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Punishment as Societal-Defense

fajo — Fri, 19 Mar 2010 20:16:56 GMT

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People punished by law are treated in ways that we consider immoral in other contexts. In "Punishment as Societal-Defense", Phillip Montague develops a new theory of punishment that, instead of justifying it on the basis of deterrence or retribution, constructs it as analogous to individual self-defense. If people are justified in defending themselves against wrongful aggression, Montague argues, the same principles of distributive justice underlie punishment as societal defense.

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Marxist Philosophy in China : From Qu Qiubai to Mao Zedong, 1923-1945

avi6600 — Fri, 19 Mar 2010 13:38:23 GMT

This book examines the introduction of Marxist philosophy to China from the early 1920s to the mid 1940s. It does this through an examination of the philosophical activities and writings of four Chinese Marxist philosophers central to this process. These are Qu Qiubai, Ai Siqi, Li Da and Mao Zedong. The book sets the philosophical writings of these philosophers in the context of the development of Marxist philosophy internationally, and examines particularly the influence on these philosophers of Soviet Marxist philosophy. It argues that these Chinese Marxist philosophers’ interpretations of Marxist philosophy were quite orthodox when judged by the standards of contemporary Soviet Marxism.

Kant on the Human Standpoint

cifra7 — Fri, 19 Mar 2010 14:55:10 GMT

Béatrice Longuenesse considers the three aspects of Kant's philosophy, his epistemology and metaphysics of nature, moral philosophy, and aesthetic theory, under one unifying standpoint: Kant's conception of our capacity to form judgments. She argues that the elements which make up our cognitive access to the world have an equally important role to play in our moral evaluations and our aesthetic judgments. Her book will appeal to all interested in Kant and his thought, ranging over Kant's account of our representations of space and time, his conception of the logical forms of judgments, sufficient reason, causality, community, God, freedom, morality, and beauty in nature and art.

Philosophy of Logic: 2nd Edition

DZ123 — Fri, 19 Mar 2010 11:58:20 GMT

Quine has few if any equals as an expositor of logic...The field in which he has made himself preeminent is that of the philosophy of logic, to which...Philosophy of Logic is a short but brilliant introduction.

On the Plurality of Actual Worlds

cifra7 — Thu, 18 Mar 2010 09:37:31 GMT

The postmodern condition is often associated with metaphysical relativism; the suspicion that others live in different worlds and that there are many actual worlds and truths. Through a discussion of the views of other philosophers, the implications for social and literary theory are considered.

Adam Smith: The Theory of Moral Sentiments (Cambridge Texts in the History of Philosophy)

avi6600 — Thu, 18 Mar 2010 08:37:58 GMT

Adam Smith's Theory of Moral Sentiments (1759) lays the foundation for a general system of morals, and is a text of central importance in the history of moral and political thought. By means of the idea of sympathy and the mental construct of an impartial spectator, Smith formulated highly original theories of conscience, moral judgment and the virtues. This volume offers a new edition of the text with helpful notes for the student reader, together with a substantial introduction that sets the work in its philosophical and historical context.

A Survey of Symbolic Logic

Alexpal — Thu, 18 Mar 2010 05:09:21 GMT

Modern interest in modal logic began with this seminal work by the American C. I. Lewis. As well as developing a theory of strict implication based on criticism of Russell and Whitehead’s concept of implication, it contains valuable historical information on the history and application of algebra to developments in symbolic logic.
-first history of the development of symbolic logic
-origins of the theory of strict implication
-valuable bibliography and index

Problems of Knowledge and Freedom (Bertrand Russell memorial lectures)

Stayer — Wed, 17 Mar 2010 16:29:40 GMT

"Problems of Knowledge and Freedom (Bertrand Russell memorial lectures)" by Noam Chomsky
Barrie & Jenkins | 96 pages | English | 1972 | ISBN: 0214653714 | PDF | 3,9 MB

From interpreting the world to changing it, a synthesis of Chomsky's early work on philosophy, linguistics, and politics.

Verdad Y Metodo I

fajo — Wed, 17 Mar 2010 20:12:42 GMT

The Limits of Abstraction

tot167 — Wed, 17 Mar 2010 16:11:16 GMT

Kit Fine, "The Limits of Abstraction"
Oxford University Press, USA | 2002 | ISBN: 0199246181 | 213 pages | PDF | 6,5 MB

Kalyan Sen Gupta, Kalyan Sen Gupta - The Philosophy of Rabindranath Tagore

bison — Wed, 17 Mar 2010 14:49:04 GMT

Kalyan Sen Gupta, Kalyan Sen Gupta - The Philosophy of Rabindranath Tagore
Publisher: Ashgate Publishing | 2005-06-30 | ISBN: 0754630366 | PDF | 103 pages | 5.46 MB

Charles Taylor - Hegel

bison — Wed, 17 Mar 2010 14:47:15 GMT

Charles Taylor - Hegel
Publisher: Cambridge University Press | 1977-05-27 | ISBN: 0521291992 | PDF | 596 pages | 50.61 MB

A Subject With No Object: Strategies for Nominalistic Interpretation of Mathematics

cifra7 — Wed, 17 Mar 2010 10:16:07 GMT

Numbers and other mathematical objects are exceptional in having no locations in space or time or relations of cause and effect. This makes it difficult to account for the possibility of the knowledge of such objects, leading many philosophers to embrace nominalism, the doctrine that there are no such objects, and to embark on ambitious projects for interpreting mathematics so as to preserve the subject while eliminating its objects. This book cuts through a host of technicalities that have obscured previous discussions of these projects, and presents clear, concise accounts of a dozen strategies for nominalistic interpretation of mathematics, thus equipping the reader to evaluate each and to compare different ones. The authors also offer critical discussion, rare in the literature, of the aims and claims of nominalistic interpretation, suggesting that it is significant in a very different way from that usually assumed.

What Is Nanotechnology and Why Does It Matter: From Science to Ethics

tot167 — Wed, 17 Mar 2010 06:09:20 GMT

Fritz Allhoff, Patrick Lin, Daniel Moore, "What Is Nanotechnology and Why Does It Matter: From Science to Ethics"
Wiley-Blackwell | 2010 | ISBN: 1405175443, 1405175451, 1444318004 | 304 pages | PDF | 1,1 MB

Whiskey and Philosophy: A Small Batch of Spirited Ideas

tot167 — Wed, 17 Mar 2010 05:31:26 GMT

Author, "Whiskey and Philosophy: A Small Batch of Spirited Ideas"
Wiley | 2009 | ISBN: 0470431210, 0470615605, 0470615613 | 384 pages | PDF | 1,4 MB

Explorations in Metaphysics: Being-God-Person

step778 — Tue, 16 Mar 2010 17:02:21 GMT

Explorations in Metaphysics: Being-God-Person
Publisher: University of Notre Dame Press | pages: 228 | 1995 | ISBN: 0268006962 | CHM | 10,2 mb

This collection of essays is a compilation of the thought and work of W. Norris Clarke, a philosopher inspired by the Thomistic tradition. Each essay offers arguments built on the points made in previous ones as they address the themes of the metaphyics of reality and the philosophy of God.

Consciousness: From Perception to Reflection in the History of Philosophy (Repost)

siddisiva — Tue, 16 Mar 2010 10:41:44 GMT

Consciousness:From Perception to Reflection in the History of Philosophy
Springer; 1 edition (July 6, 2007) | ISBN:1402060815 | 368 pages | PDF | 1,7 Mb

Despite decades of theoretization, consciousness continues to haunt contemporary philosophy of mind. The coherence and validity of the concept are in question, yet consciousness seems to resist the projects of reduction and naturalization. This collection opens a diachronical perspective to intuitions about consciousness and our aspiration of coming to grips with it. Through investigating ancient, medieval, early modern, and modern discussions in their original philosophical context, the articles offer understanding of the emergence of our problems concerning consciousness, as well as a wealth of alternative ways of conceptualizing it.

Categories, Allegories

cifra7 — Tue, 16 Mar 2010 09:43:27 GMT

This brilliant idiosyncratic book conveys a crystalline insight into category theoretic accounts of structure. The most original aspect is the theory of relations. The approach is spartan in its simplicity. In effect we assume that each relation Rxy has an opposite (as "x is less than y" has opposite "x is greater than y") and suitably matched relations have composites (as the composite of "x is brother to y" with "y is a parent of z" is "x is uncle to z"). We make a few more assumptions none of which involve set theory, and we get a very powerful theory with applications in many situations in logic and category theory.

The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Authoritarianism: Puritanism, Democracy, and Society (Repost)

JohnGenry — Tue, 16 Mar 2010 08:37:35 GMT

This book explores the historical and contemporary relationships of Protestant Puritanism to political and social authoritarianism. It focuses on Puritanism’s original, subsequent and modern influences on and legacies in political democracy and civil society within historically Puritan Western societies, with emphasis on Great Britain and particularly America, from the 17th to the 21th century.
The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Authoritarianism: Puritanism, Democracy and Society's importance and novelty lie in its original theoretical argument and empirical demonstration that Puritanism constitutes or reproduces political-social authoritarianism rather than liberal-secular political democracy and free civil society, contrary to the conventional wisdom in Puritan societies, especially America. The book’s methodological approach is thoroughly interdisciplinary by integrating methods, theories and data in sociology with those in other social sciences such as political science, history and economics. In addition, the book uses a comparative-historical method through comparisons of Western (and other) societies at various points of history in terms of the impact of Puritanism on authoritarianism.

University Of The Air - Esoteric Philosophy Course

nothan — Tue, 16 Mar 2010 05:48:53 GMT

University Of The Air - Esoteric Philosophy Course
University Of The Air | ASIN: N/a | 2006 | MP3 | 155 Mb each

Every day from the time that we are born, we open up our memory files to store pieces of information to help us cope with what is going on in the world around us. We hear things, we see things, we smell things, we taste and feel things. We put all this information together and this is how we learn about the facts of life and how to get along.
Our ancestors did the same thing. They looked around and wondered what was going on. They expressed their ideas in many ways. In paintings, sculpture, art, architecture, music, poems, and in making all the things that have been invented the things that we have come to enjoy and to rely on in the 20th Century.